Transformer.



H. B. SMITH.

TBANSPOBMER.

nrmourox FILED SEPT. 4, 190e.

Patented Mar. 9, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTUR WITNESSES ATTORNEY H. B. SMITH.

TBANsronMm.

A PPLIOATION FILED SEPTA, 1906.

91 4,98 1 Patented Mar. 9, w09,

'uNiTED srA'rEsrArENT or FICE.

HAROLD B. SMI'll-l, Ol" WOltlvllS'llllt, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR lO WESIINGIIOUSE ELEC- TRIC d'. MANUFAUTURING COMPANY, A CORPORATION Ol" PENNSYLVANIA.

. TRANSFORMER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented March 9, 1909.

Application led September 4, 1906. Serial No. 333,115.

Jb all 10710111I 'it may concern.'

Be it known that I, HAROLD B. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Worcester, in the county of VVoi-cester and State of l\lassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in rTransformers, of which thel following is a specification.

My invention relates to electrical apparatus, and has special reference to the windings for high voltage alternating current transformers.

The object of my invention is to provide means for eil'cctivcly insulating and mounting windings for devices of the class above indicated that shall be simple, durable and relatively inexpensive, and that shall insure a maximum heat radiation.

The convolutions of conductin material of which the windings of my trans ormer are com osed are all exposed to contact with the insu atinglluid in which the transformer is immersed. The space occupied by the windings is relatively small and although the number of convolutions may be very great, adequate heat radiation is provided for every turn. i

rlhe windings comprise, in general, a plurality of concentrically mounted substantially-cylindrical coils of materially diiierent diameters which are constructed by winding a single layer of strap conductor on edge.

Figure l of the accompanying drawing is a view, partially in elevation and partially in section, of a transformer constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a view, partially in section and partially in plan, of a portion of the transformer shown in Fig. 1, and Figs. 3 and 4 are plan views of portions of coil groups similar to those shown in Fig. 2, but having insulating barrier plates.

Referring to Figs. l and 2 of the drawings, the transformer illustrated therein comprises a laminated core member lwhich is substantially rectangular in form and constitutes a single continuous magnetic circuit.

The core structure is bound together by clamping plates 3, which are arranged in pairs and are located on opposite sides of the two short legs of the core member. U on the two longer legs of the core mem er, primary coils 4 and similar groups of concentric secondary coils 5 are disposed. As illustrated, the primary winding 4 comprises a single coil of strap conductor on each leg of the core that is substantially cylindrical in form and is of suitable diameter to t easilyonto the core member. The secondary winding 5 comprises two groups of three cylindrical coils each, the diameters of which vary progressively and are materially greater than `the diameter of the primary coils 4 so that they may be concentrically mounted and at the same time be sufficiently separated from each other to permit of the free circulation of oil or other suitable insulating fluid between the several coils. The primary coils may, of course, be subdivided and the size and arrangement of both primary and secondary coils and the numbers of eachy may be varied to suit the conditions for which the transformer is designed.

The relative positions of the coils 5 are maintained by means of a series of insulating tubes or rods 6 which are somewhat longer than the coils and are of suitable size to fit between the concentrically mounted coils. These rods or tubes are sup orted at their ends by rings7 of wood or ot 1er suitable insulating material, the inner surfaces of which are provided with a series of cavities so that the tubes may be spaced about the surface of the coils and retained in such a position. The rings 7 are themselves supported by projections which extend from the clamping plates 3 and to which they are connected by adjustable clam ing bolts 9. The tubes 6 are longer than t 1e coils 5, and collars 5a are provided at the lower ends of the tubes so that the rings 7 do not seal the ends of the coils and consequently the insulating fluid may circulate between them.

The core and the windings are located in a tank l() which, as illustrated, is rectangular,

but which may be of any. suitable size and shape and which may be constructed of concrete or similar substance. The interior of the concrete tank is provided with a lining 11 of sheet metal, so that it is capable of retaining oil or other insulating uid in which it is desirable to immerse the transformer coils. The tank 10 is provided with a cover 12 which may be of similar construction to the tank or may be made of cast iron according to the usual practice. The concrete tank may preferably be reinforced by girders or rods 10a of iron, which are built into its structure in the usual manner.

The sheet metal lining may be replaced by coating of a suitable Huid-resisting sub-l v' stance.

The insulating fluid in the tank may be kept cool by any convenient means, such. as a coil of pipe 13, which is supported from the cover and through which water or other coolin iiuid may be circulated.

he core section of the magnetizable core 1 may be modiied by providing notches or steps in the corners, as shown in Fig. 2, so that the coils 4 may be fitted more'closely to the core section.

Referring to Fi s. 3 and 4 of the drawings, the concentric cos 5 are separated, not only by the spacing tubes 6 but also by insulating barrier plates 14," the use of whichis wel known for insulating high voltages in connection with luid insulation. The barrier plate may be of any convenient shape, corrugated or cylindrical, and in some instances it may be desir able to provide several barrier plates in the form of concentric cylindrical shells which may be se arated by insulating tubes or rods as the coi s 5 are separated in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4. For use with very high voltages, the barrier lates are of considerable advantage since t ey materially reduce the aggregate oil distances which are capable of sustaining such voltages and consequently improve the transformer regulation .by reducing the reactance.

I make no claim herein to the tank or casing, but have made that the subject-matter of a divisional application, Serial N o. 350,952, filed January 5, 1907.

The improvements of my invention are not restricted to the transformer illustrated and maybe readily applied to various other devices, and I desire that only such limitations be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1.- A winding for electrical apparatus comprising a plurality of substantially cylindrical coils of materially different diameters, and s acing means between the coils.

2. windin for electrical apparatus comprising a plura ity of concentrically mounted cylindrical coils of materially different diameters, each of which is composed of a single layer of convolutions of a strap conductor wound on edge.

3. In a transformer, the combination with a magnetizable core member, of a winding therefor comprising a lurality ofsubstantially cylindrlcal colls o mater1ally different diameters, and spacing tubes of insulating material between the coils.

4. In a transformer, the combination with a laminated core member, of a winding comprising concentric cylindrical coils formed of strap conductors, and spacing tubes and barrier plates of insulating material serving to separate said coils.

5. In a transformer, the combination with a magnetizable core member, of a winding comprising a plurality of concentric and substantiall cylindrical coils of materially diiferent iameters constructed of insulated strap conductor wound on edge, and barriers of insulating material between adjacent coils.

6. In an oil-immersed transformer, the combination with a mag'netizable core member, of a winding comprising substantially concentricand cylindrical coils and corru gated barriers of insulating material between adjacent coils.

7. The combination with a plurality oi substantially concentric cylindrical coils for electrical apparatus, and barrier lates of' insulating material between the co1 s, of an inclosin and fluid-containin casing therefor.

8. he combination wii a plurality ci substantially concentric cylindrical coils for electrical apparatus, and barrier lates of insulating material between the coi s, of a iiuidn containin tank constructed of concrete or similar su stance.

9. The combination with a plurality of substantially concentric cylindrical coils for electrical apparatus, and corrugated barrier plates of insulating material between the coils, of an inclosing tank constructed of concrete or similar substance and having a fluidresisting lining.

10. The combination with a plurality of substantially concentric cylindrical coils for electrical apparatus, and barrier plates oi insulating material between the coils, of an inclosing tank or casing constructed of concrete or similar substance and having a sheet metal lining.

11. The combination with a substantially rectangular core member, and a plurality of concentric cylindrical coils mounted on two opposite legs of the core member, of corrugated barrier plates of insulating material between adjacent coils, and means for immersing the core and the windings in insulating fluid.

12. The combination with a substantially rectangular core member, and a plurality of concentric cylindrical coils each com rising a single layer of convolutions of e gewise wound conductor, of barriers between the adjacent coils, and a fluid-containing tank in which the core and windings are disposed.

13. The combination with a substantially rectangular core member, and a plurality of concentric cylindrical coils each com rising a single layer of convolutions of e gewise wound conductor, of corrugated barrier plates between adjacent coils, and a fluidcontaining tank constructed of concrete or similar material and inclosing the core and windin s.

14. n a transformer, the combination with a plurality of concentric and substan tially cylindrical coils, of spacing means between the adjacent coils comprising a series of insulating tubes, and means for supporting the tubes and for maintaining the concentric relation between the coils.

15. In a transformer, the combination with'a plurality of concentric and substantially cylindrical coils, and a series of insulating spacing tubes disposed between adjacent coils, and end rings which support the spacing tubes.

16. In a transformer, the combination with a plurality of concentric and substantially cylindrical coils, of a series of insulating spacing tubes, and barrier plates between adjacent coils, and rings of insulating material which engage and support the ends of the spacing tubes.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 17th day of August, 1 9() 6 HAROLD B. SMITH.

IVitnesses:

R. J. DEARBORN, BIRNEY HINEs. 

